Effect of Dietary Habits and Lifestyle on Type 2 Diabetic Patients at University of Medical Centre in Tripoli

Abstract

Diabetes is a serious illness dealing with the body’s inability to produce or regulate insulin, which controls the level of glucose in the blood. According to International Diabetic Federation, diabetes is the most common significant chronic metabolic illness that causes morbidity and mortality in those who are affected, with an expected 5 million deaths worldwide in 2015. This study aims to estimate the effect of diet, and lifestyle habit on type 2 DM patients in Western-Libya. This was descriptive cross-sectional study, which was carried out at Clinics and Hospitals in Tripoli (Salah-Alden clinic) during the period from June to November 2022. A total of 100 type 2 DM patients joined this study. A standard structure questionnaire including demographic data such as (age, sex) was  anthropometric measurement like height, weight, BMI, physical activities, ideal diet intake, type of treatment, mental stress. Data were analyzed by frequency count and percentage by using Microsoft Excel and SPSS program, version 24. Variables are reported as frequencies and percentages. Qualitative variables were compared using the chi-square and Fisher test. P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The participants’ age, more than half of them (63%) were 45-60 years old. Out of 100 diabetic patients (57%) were male and (43%) were female. (48% from male and 29% from female their BMI more than 25 kg/m2 which classified as obese (66%) of patients having mental stress, 43% their duration of diabetes were more than 10 years. Related to type of treatments the majority of patients were used insulin injection for diabetic treatment (72%) This observe changed into found out that from 100 members of male type 2 DM fifty-three (53%) patients have no longer taken a super weight-reduction plan, even as 37 females have been not having an excellent weight-reduction plan (37%). Most of the people of diabetic patients did no longer do exercise (92%) which very high percentage and tobacco use (58%) from individuals had been not smoke. From evaluation there was a high huge relation among sex and BMI, nutritional reputation and doing exercising (p value= 0.0.5, 0.000, 0.000) respectively. In conclusion, the majorities of individuals with type 2 diabetes were overweight, due to lack of physical activity, and did not follow dietary guidelines for fats, fruits and vegetable consumption. Dietary habits, early identification, and effective intervention are integral components of effective T2D care in Libya. These strategies may reduce the expanding economic burden associated with T2D care.